Pesticides
are widely used in agriculture and there are concerns that they could increase
the risk of cancer. Some studies have suggested that pesticides could increase
the risk of leukaemia, lymphomas, brain cancer, breast cancer and
prostate cancer For
now, the evidence is not strong enough to give us any clear answers.
Agricultural
workers and farmers
People
exposed to higher levels of pesticides as part of their job – for example in
industry or in farming - may be at slightly higher risk of certain cancers,
particularly leukaemias and lymphomas.
The
International Agency for Research into Cancer (IARC) have looked at the
evidence and said that regularly spraying pesticides as part of your job
“probably” slightly increases the risk of cancer.
But
for individual pesticides, the evidence was either too weak to come to a conclusion,
or only strong enough to suggest a “possible” effect.
Some
potentially dangerous pesticides such as DDT and lindane have been used in the
past but are now banned.
Problems
with the evidence
The
scientific evidence on pesticides and cancer is still uncertain and more
research is needed in this area. So far, the studies that have been done share
common problems:
·
They usually involve a small number of
people. This makes it more likely that their results are down to chance.
·
It is difficult to work out the amounts of
pesticides that people were actually exposed to. Most studies estimate these
exposures based on things like a person’s job. Others ask people with cancer to
remember whether and how they used pesticides in the past. Their answers might
not be accurate and they may be influenced by worries that pesticides were
responsible for their cancer.
·
There is a wide variety of pesticides and it
is not clear which, if any, affect the risk of cancer.
·
The results from different studies are not
consistent. Some suggest that pesticides increase the risk of cancer but others
do not.
Pesticides
on fruit and vegetables
High
doses of some pesticides can cause cancer in animals, but the levels found in
foods are much, much lower.
Fruit and vegetables
sometimes contain very small amounts of pesticides so it is a good idea to
rinse fruit and vegetables before eating them. But there is no evidence that
these small amounts increase the risk of cancer in people who eat them. In
fact, eating lots of fruit and vegetables actually reduces your risk of
several cancers, despite any pesticide residues on them.
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