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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cancer in man
Various
substances and industrial processes, surrogates of exposure to polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are currently classified as human carcinogens.
This paper reviews recent epidemiological studies reporting direct evidence of
the carcinogenic effects of PAHs in occupationally exposed subjects. Risks of
lung and bladder cancer were dose dependent when PAHs were measured
quantitatively and truly nonexposed groups were chosen for comparison. These
new findings suggest that the current threshold limit value of 0.2 mg/m3 of
benzene soluble matter (which indicates PAH exposure) is unacceptable because,
after 40 years of exposure, it involves a relative risk of 1.2-1.4 for lung
cancer and 2.2 for bladder cancer.
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