Adakah
Triclosan Selamat?
Triclosan,
a chemical used for its antibacterial properties, is an ingredient in many
detergents, dish-washing liquids, soaps, deodorants, cosmetics, lotions,
anti-microbial creams, various toothpastes, and an additive in various
plastics and textiles. However, the safety of triclosanhas been
questioned in regard to environmental and human health. While the companies
that manufacture products containing this chemical claim that it is safe, the
United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has registered it as a
pesticide. The chemical formulation and molecular structure of this compound
are similar to some of the most toxic chemicals on earth, relating it to
dioxins and PCBs. The EPA gives triclosan high scores both as a
human health risk and as an environmental risk.
Triclosan is a chlorophenol, a class
of chemicals which is suspected of
causing cancer in humans. Externally, phenol can cause a variety of
skin irritations, but since it can temporarily deactivate sensory nerve
endings, contact with it may cause little or no pain. Taken internally, even
in small amounts, phenol can lead to cold sweats, circulatory collapse,
convulsions, coma and death. Additionally, chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides
can be stored in body fat, sometimes accumulating to toxic levels. Long term
exposure to repeated use of many pesticide products can damage the liver,
kidneys, heart and lungs, suppress the immune system, and cause hormonal
disruption, paralysis, sterility and brain haemorrhages.
Dioxins, PCBs, chlorophenols and
many pesticides are categorized as persistent organic pollutants. In other
words, they persist in the environment and accumulate to higher and higher
concentrations with each step up the food chain. Virtually, every creature on
earth has a measured amount of these pollutants in its body fat. Once
absorbed into the fat cells, it is nearly impossible to eliminate these
compounds. Triclosan is among this class of chemicals, and
humans are among the animals at the top of the food chain. The health risks
are considerable.
Employing a strong antibiotic
agent such as triclosan for everyday use is of questionable
value. Many antimicrobial treatments are toxic and take a shotgun approach to
killing all microscopic organisms to which they are applied. However, this
approach includes the risk of toxicity to host organisms, that is, the plants
or animals (including humans) exposed to treatment for microbial infections.
Toxic exposure to living creatures can also occur when food items and objects
such as utensils or hard surfaces are treated with disinfectants for
microbial contamination. Additionally, the shotgun approach destroys the
beneficial bacteria which occur naturally in the environment and in our
bodies. These so-called friendly bacteria cause no harm and often produce
beneficial effects such as aiding metabolism and inhibiting the invasion of
harmful pathogens. Anti-microbial formulas and disinfectants can also cause
genetic mutations resulting in drug-resistant bacterial and mutant viruses,
producing new strains of harmful microbes for which the human immune system
has no defence.
Triclosan has not been completely
tested and analyzed for all health and environmental risks, but since it
occurs in the category of the chemicals which are known to have the
detrimental effects described here, do you want it added to products you use
every day?
Triclosan Health Concerns Ref - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triclosan
Reports have suggested that triclosan can
combine with chlorine in tap water to form chloroform gas (PMID 15926568), which the U.S. EPA classifies as a probable human
carcinogen. As a result, triclosan was the target of a UK
cancer alert, even though the study showed that the amount of chloroform
generated was less than amounts often present in chlorinated drinking waters.
Triclosan reacts with the free
chlorine in tap water to also produce lesser amounts of other compounds, like
2,4-dichlorophenol (PMID 15926568). Most of these intermediates convert into dioxins upon
exposure to UV radiation (from the sun or other sources). Although small
amounts of dioxins are produced, there is a great deal of concern over this
effect because dioxins are extremely toxic and are very potent endocrine
disruptors. They are also chemically very stable, so that they are eliminated
from the body very slowly (they can bioaccumulate to dangerous levels), and
they persist in the environment for a very long time.
Triclosan is chemically somewhat
similar to the dioxin class of compounds. Triclosan production
leads to small amounts of residual polychlorinated dioxins, and polychlorinated
furans which are contained in small amounts, in the products that are using
it.
A 2006 triclosan study
concluded that low doses of triclosan act as an endocrine
disruptor in the North American bullfrog. The hypothesis proposed is
that triclosan blocks the metabolism of thyroid hormone,
because it chemically mimics thyroid hormone, and binds to the hormone
receptor sites, blocking them, so that normal hormones cannot be utilized.
Triclosan is used in many common
household products including Clearasil Daily Face Wash, Dentyl mouthwash, the
Colgate Total range, Pepsodent, Softsoap, Dial, Right Guard deodorant,
Sensodyne Total Care, Old Spice and Mentadent.
Manufacturers
of products containing triclosan must say so on the label. Ref - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triclosan
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